Introducing FFT_PIPE Architecture

The FFT_PIPE IP Core represents a new paradigm in FFT processing. Unlike traditional burst-mode FFT implementations that process blocks of data with gaps between frames, the FFT_PIPE architecture maintains continuous data flow, accepting new input samples every clock cycle and producing results with constant, minimal latency.

Key Features

• Continuous Streaming: Accept new samples every clock cycle without interruption
• Minimal Latency: Fixed, deterministic latency of N + log2(N) clock cycles
• Maximum Throughput: One complete FFT result per clock cycle in steady state
• Real-Time Operation: No frame gaps or processing delays
• Predictable Timing: Deterministic operation for time-critical applications
• Flexible Configuration: Support for FFT sizes from 64 to 16,384 points

Technical Highlights

Fully Pipelined Design

The FFT_PIPE architecture implements a complete pipeline for each butterfly stage, ensuring continuous data flow:

• No waiting for frame completion
• Pipeline always full after initial fill period
• Maximizes hardware utilization
• Ideal for applications requiring uninterrupted processing

Performance Specifications

Parameter	Specification
FFT Sizes	64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192, 16384 points
Input Rate	One sample per clock cycle
Output Rate	One FFT per clock cycle (steady state)
Latency	N + log2(N) clock cycles (where N = FFT size)
Clock Frequency	Up to 500 MHz on UltraScale+ devices

Example Latency Values

FFT Size	Latency (clocks)	At 400 MHz	At 500 MHz
256	264	660 ns	528 ns
1024	1034	2.59 μs	2.07 μs
4096	4108	10.27 μs	8.22 μs

Target Applications

Wireless Communications

Ideal for OFDM-based systems requiring continuous symbol processing:

• LTE and 5G NR basestation processing
• Wi-Fi 6/6E access points
• Software-defined radio platforms
• Satellite communications

Radar and Sonar Systems

Perfect for real-time target detection and tracking:

• Continuous-wave radar Doppler processing
• Synthetic aperture radar (SAR)
• Active sonar systems
• Through-wall imaging radar

Test and Measurement

Essential for instruments requiring real-time spectral analysis:

• Real-time spectrum analyzers
• Vector signal analyzers
• Oscilloscopes with FFT capability
• Signal integrity analyzers

Audio and Multimedia

Enables real-time audio processing and effects:

• Professional audio effects processors
• Real-time audio analysis
• Music visualization systems
• Acoustic beamforming

Advantages Over Burst FFT

Integration Features

Standard Interfaces

• AXI4-Stream Input: Industry-standard streaming interface
• AXI4-Stream Output: Compatible with Xilinx IP ecosystem
• Optional Control Interface: AXI4-Lite for runtime configuration
• Status Signals: Pipeline status and overflow indicators

Configuration Options

• FFT or IFFT operation (runtime selectable)
• Configurable input/output data widths
• Scaling mode selection
• Natural or bit-reversed output order
• Optional windowing function integration

Xilinx Platform Support

Optimized implementations available for all modern Xilinx FPGA families:

• 7-Series: Artix-7, Kintex-7, Virtex-7
• UltraScale: Kintex UltraScale, Virtex UltraScale
• UltraScale+: Zynq UltraScale+, Kintex UltraScale+, Virtex UltraScale+
• Versal: ACAP devices with AI Engine integration support

Resource Utilization

Efficient FPGA resource usage (example for 1024-point FFT):

Resource	7-Series	UltraScale	UltraScale+
LUTs	~12,000	~10,500	~9,800
Flip-Flops	~18,000	~16,200	~15,000
BRAM (18Kb)	24	22	20
DSP48	24	24	20

Deliverables and Support

Complete IP Package

• Synthesizable RTL source code (Verilog or VHDL)
• Comprehensive simulation testbench
• Example Vivado projects for popular dev boards
• AXI4-Stream interface wrapper
• Vivado IP Catalog integration
• Complete technical documentation
• Performance characterization reports
• Integration guide and best practices

Technical Support

Dillon Engineering provides comprehensive support services:

• Email and phone technical support
• Integration assistance
• Performance optimization consulting
• Custom configuration services
• Training and workshops

Evaluation and Licensing

Free Evaluation

A full-featured evaluation package is available for download:

• Encrypted simulation models (30-day evaluation license)
• Complete testbench with verification suite
• Example Vivado projects
• Quick start guide
• Performance documentation

Licensing Options

• Project License: Single product/application use
• Multi-Project License: Multiple projects within organization
• Site License: Unlimited use at one site
• Enterprise License: Company-wide usage rights
• Source Code License: Includes modifiable RTL source

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